Armenian Insurrection and the Great War
Tarih Kritik - Sayı 1, Ekim 2015
71
The Armenian Insurrection and the Great War
Pat Walsh and Dr. Garegin Pastermadjian “Armen Garo”
Belfast, Belfast Historical & Educational Society, 2015, Pp. 215, ISBN: 978-1-8722078-23-
6.
Şükrü Server AYA
For those who undertake wide ranging, below the surface and cross referenced research on
the “genocide fanfare”, which has been popular only in the last fifty years, there are some
logical questions. These are generally never asked or answered when debating a hundred or
hundred and fifty years’ old historical events which are likely to have been forgotten long
ago. The very important reality is that the genocide allegations relating to over a century old
events do not stand on any reliable documentary evidence, i.e. official reports, past
memorandums or correspondence and alike… They are usually based on grand-mother
stories and personal hearsay, even than not on dependable true eyewitness reports.
Generally they are relied on the names of a few scholars who do not read widely or who
would not refer to any document that will not suit their objective. A very recent example
amongst the academic papers is <“Final Report – September 2014” prepared by
“Armenian Genocide Reparations Study Group,” who express their thanks for the grant of
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the Armenian Revolutionary Federation. The study was chaired by Henry C. Theriault; the
members were Alfred de Zayas, Jermaine McCalpin and Ara Papian. The name of the
report is “Resolution with Justice –Reparations for the Armenian Genocide.” Complete
report can be viewed at: http://armenians-1915.blogspot.com/2014/10/3489-resolution-withjustice.html!>. Thesewriters seldom refer to books or documents of the relevant period,
instead they rely on “persons who acknowledge generous grants”. So far we know that all
documents presented as historical evidence on this claim have been proved to be false,
doctored or fabricated!
There are several names of “Armenian Heroes” who were the leaders of various
revolutionary groups who committed murders, treacheries etc. They wrote books in their hay
days, boasting about their bravery, relating to local revolutions, dedication to invading
armies (Russian, French, British) and their extermination of the members of Muslim
majority of the mother land. Such books or documents have been disappearing from main
libraries and never brought to the attention or knowledge of the brainwashed diaspora. It
should be noted that quite a number of Armenian dignitaries did not endorse the
“revolutionary aims or tactics and tried to warn their people”, but they were disregarded or
eliminated.
Dr. Pat Walsh is actually a historian who studied the Irish – British relations in the past two
hundred years and discussed the Imperialist mistreatments of Catholic Irish people by the
Protestant British. These mistreatments had brought many calamities on the Irish farmers
and desolation to Irish people. After the 1840s, nearly one million Irish people immigrated to
USA and in 1900s, the “Irish born” Americans constituted about 43% of all immigrants who
were accepted into USA. Dr. Walsh was even more surprised to learn that there were great
donations as money and five ships of grain by another country to Ireland during those bad
days of starvations, while the British made no exceptions on the “potato they were taking as
tax”. For other books by Dr. Walsh please refer to
Armenian sources never mention the name of Hovannes Katchaznouni, the Prime Minister of
the Dashnakist Armenian Republic (May 30, 1918 to mid-August 1919) who made a
confession at the 1923 Bucharest Congress of their Party. He detailed how they had been
misguided by promises, over estimation of their strength and in short how and why they
themselves caused the destruction of the Armenian People. This memorandum is written
with political finesse, not mentioning much of their large crimes on Muslims.
http://louisville.edu/a-s/history/turks/Katchaznouni.pdf. However, even this minimum
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frankness was not tolerated by the Dashnakists who are now in control of ANCA, diaspora
and all the major movements for a century!
Garekin Pastermadjian (the Brave Armen) had the most remarkable life full of braveries for
the Armenian Revolutionaries and their own people. He was born in 1868 in Georgia, but
had his education in Istanbul and in 1896 he was one of the top leaders who raided the
Ottoman Bank and took 160 persons as hostage for 48 hours (about 50 persons were killed
by bombs and gun fire during the siege). The criminals were let free to go to France and
Pastermadjian became a Doctor of Chemistry in Switzerland. He returned to Tbilisi, setting
his own business. However, in the 1908 and 1913 Ottoman Parliamentary elections he was
one of the 12 Armenians in the Parliament, representing Erzurum. He was offered a post in
the cabinet which he turned down. While he was a Member of Parliament, he had organized
a group of about 2000 cavalry Revolutionaries. Before WW-1 had started - for the Ottomans
on November 2, 1915 - Pastermadjian and his forces were already on the Russian side of the
border, offering their “guiding and reconnaissance services” to the Russian Army.
Garekin Pastermadjian and his two books depict him as ONE OF THE MOST FAMOUS
Armenian Revolutionary Leaders. In my books I tried to give some examples of his deeds
which I had included in my : paper in 2008 which hardly caught any outside attention.
I always felt somewhat unable of outlining the importance of this great Armenian Leader
who was later made an ambassador to USA, playing an important role “in having USA
recognize the young Armenian Republic”. He worked most actively and supported his
claims with two excellent books in 1918, printed in Boston. After the surrender of the
Ottoman Empire (Oct.30, 1918) he was one of the leaders to set up the “Nemesis Revenge
Organization”. His endless efforts for the Armenian cause at the Paris and Lausanne Peace
Conferences had no result and he died in Switzerland in 1923 by a heart attack in frustration!
Dr. Walsh has made a very unusual and clever move when writing this book. He took
Garegin Pastermadjian as co-author of his book. The contents and explanations given in
detail leave no doubt about the treason of Armenian Revolutionaries and that even the
Armenian Members of Ottoman Parliament were revolutionaries themselves in the service of
the enemies and plotted against all the institutions of their home country. This example itself
is sufficient to prove that the Ottoman Authorities had very good reasons and justifications to
arrest about 235 Armenian dignitaries as late as April 24, 1915 and intern them in houses and
prisons in Ankara – Çankiri region. Only this could enable them to stopping their contacts
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with Armenian revolutionaries, the supporting Patriarchate and the British-French Anzac
forces who were to lend the following night.
Dr. Walsh, instead of using one of the books of Pastermadjian; he copies and quotes
verbatim the “Memorandum of Armenia and Her Claims to Freedom and National
Independence” submitted by Senator Henry Cabot Lodge (Republican). He was always at
odds with everything President Wilson (Democrat) was implementing, including his
“fourteen points”, wish to organize League of Nations and anything that would not suit the
American Independence. The Memorandum is dated December 15 or 23rd of 1919, and
printed by the “Washington Government Printing Office, 1919.” Hence it is a document as
strong and colossal as the Washington Monument. Why Turkish sources never used this
“monumental document” has no explanation or excuse, other than exposing the “huge black
holes of knowledge of Turkish scholars, writers and politicians” on this subject for a
century.
The Memorandum details the Turkish Armenian Relations and causes of disagreement etc.
Pastermadjian claims that out of 18.000.000 Ottoman population 2.100.000 were Armenians.
This has no supporting evidence. We have a report prepared directly by the Joint FrenchArmenian Land Distribution Committee dated March 1, 1914, giving the total population as
1.280.000, confirmed by other official records which cite even lower figures. In 1912 the
Armenian Patriarchate had declared the census as 1.425.000 Armenians. How this number
was increased to 2.100.000 (despite claimed massacres, epidemics, starvation) should be
explained by Armenians. More interestingly, there is in existence a clear map of the
Armenian territorial claims from Eastern Black Sea coast cities down to the Mediterranean,
including Alexandretta and Cilicia. Looking at today’s Turkey, one can easily see that
Armenians claimed 40% of today’s Anatolia, “freed of all non-Christian elements” (in fact
80% of the settled people). We widely hear today that Turks killed 1.5 million Armenians
during the relocation period (150 days which will average 10.000 killed every day, buried in
stadium size graves, dug by some 5000 workers every day). No such graves were ever found
or documented, nor any massacres eye witnessed by any neutral persons. Again the scholars
and othersclaiming that 1.5 million were killed (out of 1.3 million), must explain which
Armenians were to be settled in this huge area when they supposedly had already been
annihilated. The NONSENSE of this Genocide palaver is not much different than hiding an
elephant in a room.
Year 1919 has several important dates for the Armenian agenda. Some of these can be
pinpointed chronologically as below:
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a- Armenian Republic founded on 28.5.1918 under Ottoman Protection, with special
treats but Armenian leaders such as Keri, Dro, Antranig refute the accord and
continue their cleansings of Muslims in their regions.
b- The Ottoman Empire surrenders on 30.10.1918; next month on 30.11.1918 Armenia
revokes the treaties, grabs Ardahan, Kars provinces with the permission of the
British in Persia.
c- Pastermadjian was sent as Ambassador to USA with letter of the Patriarch in July
1918 to search for American aid and recognition; he edits two books in October
1918 in Boston.
d- Late December 1918, Pastermadjian submits the Armenian claims to the US Senate
through Mr. Lodge, which are fully quoted in the first part of the book.
e- On Feb.26, 1919, the Armenian Delegation submits a Memorandum to Paris Peace
Conference with similar requests signed by Aharonian and Boghos Nubar.
f- Antranig comes late for the Paris Conference, continues to London; on June 19,
1919 a large conference is arranged with high praises of all British dignitaries who
had provoked Armenians!
g- US send Captain Emory Niles and Arthur Sutherland in July 1919 to make a survey
in the war struck zones http://louisville.edu/as/history/turks/Niles_and_Sutherland.pdf (U.S. National Archives Ref.
184.021/175) Constantinople, Aug. 16, 1919, gives details on Armenian atrocities
and damages.
h- General Harbord and a mission of about 40 people were ordered by the President on
August 1, 1919 to make a survey in Anatolia and Armenia and prepare a report to
support “American mandate on Armenia.” The Mission travels for one month in the
region, meets Mustafa Kemal, travels to Batum, Armenia and returns to Istanbul
preparing a very comprehensive report in late October 1919, paradoxical to the
expectations of the President and Senate, and giving details of such a burden on
USA for no reason or advantage whatsoever.
i- Senator Lodge presents the Claims of Armenia to the US Senate in the second half
of December 1919 which contradicts the findings and advises of General Harbord.
j- General Harbord’s Report is presented by Mr. Lodge as late as mid April 1920 to the
US Senate.
Among the many “documented facts” there are three points Pastermadjian admits and which
go unnoticed. The first point is that “250.000 Turkish Armenians were sent by Russians to
Siberia”. We know from several sources that at least 250.000 – 300.000 Turkish Armenians
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had immigrated to Russia with the Russian Army. The U.S. Near East Relief Report gives
this number as 500.000. This immigration is confirmed by Russian records as well. When
the Dashnakist Armenian Republic was founded (under Turkish protection on May 28, 1918)
their population was 885.000 (instead of 500.000 Russian Armenians) which shows that
about 385.000 (or less) Armenians were those who took shelter in Russia. After 30 months in
December 1920 this population had dropped to 690.000, evidencing that 195.000 Armenians
(mostly from Turkey) died in Armenia under their own government. This is never mentioned
but the Soviet document by Armenian Historian stands open.
The second important point is that when Russians occupied Eastern Anatolia and Turkish
Armenians who had taken refuge in Russia, the Russians permitted only about 25.000 to
return. Russians did not trust Armenians and they were to settle Cossacks in the evacuated
villages (to control Armenians).
The third important detail is that when Armenians left, they had left behind in bundles and
boxes of their valuable items, duly labeled and evidenced by receipts because “they were to
return when the war was won by the Ottomans”. All these boxes and bundles were stored
inside an Armenian Church or cathedral under lock and guard and no one was permitted to
enter. However, when the Russian Commander General Kaledine enters the city and hears
about these stored goods, he enters the Cathedral and opens the boxes and bundles. He gets a
few carts loaded for him. After him, other officers share what was left and this became a
“looting order” in the absence of museums of today.
After this self explanatory report of the “Armenian Ambassador to USA, Garekin
Pastermadjian”, Dr. Walsh starts his “forensic style studies and explanations”. Let us not
forget that several important points of this Pastermadjian’s Memorandum in the US Senate
bears great similarity to the “Memorandum of Feb. 26, 1919, presented by the Armenian
Delegation to the Paris Peace Conference”, co-signed by A. Aharonian and Boghos Nubar,
representing the Armenian Republic.
These documents are never referred to by “G” scholars or defenders! They have never seen
the League of Nations Official Gazette of Sept.21, 1929 in which this Organization affirms
that 200.000 Armenians died in fights against Turks, in the service of the enemies. The
elephant is under palavers.
Dr. Walsh starts his section of study, “A Cautionary Tale of Betrayal”and provides an
excellent analysis not only of the “end result of Armenian victimization claims” but also
going back to the earlier revolutions, the effect of American Missionaries, the very strong
British destabilization and the concessions they had to make to Russia when sharing the
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Ottoman Empire, “because Britain needed land forces which they did not have”. They
controlled all seas and oceans, but needed man power so they finally promised Istanbul and
Bosporus to Russia, while they were going to keep the Dardanelles Straight for themselves.
The information and references Dr. Walsh has included “in this forensic study of historical
facts” are all new and coherent.
I do not know which persons or authorities will thank Dr. Walsh for this concise, double or
triple cross checked excellent study. Dr. Walsh surprised me with another act by dedicating
this valuable study to my name. This may be because of my age or my highlighting this very
important Armenian hero in some of my writings. Thank you Dr. Walsh for your
monumental contribution to the “G” history!
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Armenian Insurrection and the Great War
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Oleh
Ramazan AL
